What is advanced periodontal disease?

Advanced periodontal disease, also known as periodontitis, is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissues and bone that support the teeth. This condition can lead to tooth loss if not treated promptly. Periodontitis usually begins as gingivitis, which is an initial, milder form of gum disease characterized by red, swollen, and bleeding gums.

Causes and risk factors for periodontal disease

The main cause of advanced periodontal disease is poor oral hygiene, which allows plaque and dental plaque to form. Other factors that can increase the risk include:

• Smoking: Reducing blood flow to the gums makes it harder for them to heal.
• Hormonal changes: Especially in women, during pregnancy, menopause or menstrual cycle.
• Diabetes: High blood sugar levels can weaken the gums.
• Some medications: Medications that cause dry mouth or affect the gums.
• Genetics: Family history of periodontal disease.

Symptoms of advanced periodontal disease

Advanced periodontal disease can cause a variety of symptoms, including:

• Bad breath that does not go away
• Red or swollen gums
• Pain when chewing
• Loose or loose teeth
• Receding gums
• Formation of deep periodontal pockets between teeth and gums

Treatment

The treatment of advanced periodontal disease includes several stages:

1. Non-Surgical Treatment: Professional teeth cleaning to remove plaque and tartar, use of antimicrobial agents, and scaling and root planing to remove plaque below the gum line.

2. Surgical Treatment: Advanced periodontal disease is a chronic and progressive disease and causes defects around the teeth deeper than 5 mm. The therapy includes surgical treatment of some areas of the mouth where an artificial bone is transplanted into the defects that have occurred. Combined with natural bone, this allows periodontal defects to be reduced to a level that can be safely maintained healthy.

3. Laser Therapy: Lasers are used to destroy bacteria and stimulate tissue healing.

Surgical procedure in periodontal disease

The surgical procedure involves local anesthesia, similar to that used to repair a decayed tooth. The procedure is performed according to a predefined protocol with specialists in the field of periodontology and oral surgery, using top materials and equipment that give very good results. Postoperatively, there is usually no pain or swelling, but there are recommendations that should be followed, such as rest on the first day, proper nutrition and dental hygiene for the next few days. Very rarely, during more extensive interventions, there is a small reactive swelling that is resorbed during the following days. The surgical implantation of an artificial bone is a specific procedure that is routine for us and to our great satisfaction, it enables an increase in the volume of the bone, which makes the teeth stronger.

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